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Orca2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/1698864373611-TFER0WDVZ9X1BXR8O05J/tempImagesWNe2I.jpg Orca2023 https://www.crypticbiology.com/my-science daily 0.75 2023-05-08 https://www.crypticbiology.com/my-science/metals monthly 0.5 2022-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/183b6107-1946-474b-a461-2db840f98a2f/tempImageRITcyY.png My Science - Trace metal requirements Anaerobic archaea (genus Wolframiiraptor) require the trace metal tungsten for growth with corn stover or sugars as substrate. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/973c9195-d056-43df-a222-588d8e879723/tempImageoyBNez.png My Science - Trace metal requirements Anaerobic archaea (Wolframiiraptor) run out of energy without tungsten. Tungsten is an essential cofactor in oxidoreductase enzymes that oxidize aldehyde groups to organic acids. This reaction is coupled to redox cycling of the electron carrier ferredoxin that drives a proton motive force via a membrane-bound hydrogenase. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/26121b06-3e50-4856-a828-16dcc3553bc2/ZnFingerStructure.jpeg My Science - Trace metal requirements Zinc fingers are structurally diverse proteins carrying multiple zinc atoms. Image by James H. Thomas, University of Washington https://www.crypticbiology.com/my-science/isolation monthly 0.5 2022-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/6de397aa-f99b-42c1-b917-47d8337da6bb/tempImageN0E7E5.png My Science - New isolation techniques Linear counter gradients in a gel-stabilized column create flexible conditions for microorganisms to grow at substrate ratios they prefer. Image by John Amaral https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/641e18b4-0214-4de7-973a-13fb9564addf/IMG_6597.jpeg My Science - New isolation techniques Radial substrate gradients, achieved by agarose gel balls, mimic conditions in soils or sediment closely. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/0289cc5e-ba4e-46e0-b05a-0c098328aeb1/Imachi+figure+1.png My Science - New isolation techniques A continuous-flow hanging sponge bioreactor for the enrichment and isolation of slow growing microbes. Image from Imachi et al., Nat Protoc (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-022-00735-1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/5c2717f2-ea31-4147-bda6-aa5445ac3eee/Imachi+figure+2.png My Science - New isolation techniques The continuous-flow hanging sponge bioreactor supplies nutrients and removes waste products continuously. Image from Imachi et al., Nat Protoc (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-022-00735-1 https://www.crypticbiology.com/my-science/networks monthly 0.5 2022-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/8db58f59-64dd-4137-85a5-51dbfba78046/tempImagezC8nx4.png My Science - Abiotic-biotic networks Denitrification in tropical acidic soils is a "mosaic" of abiotic and biotic reactions. Iron and organic matter provide catalytic sites for nitrite reduction. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/829d8df0-74e5-4861-bc78-482a70c688a9/tempImage2W1cS7.png My Science - Abiotic-biotic networks The nitrogen cycle on the Archean Earth was completely abiotic in its early stages. Slowly, life inserted enzymatic reactions to harvest energy from chemical disequilibria. https://www.crypticbiology.com/my-science/gases monthly 0.5 2022-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/2e0eeb04-d738-46c2-9601-13429d48c92a/tempImageF9r1bz.png My Science - Trace gas cycling These are modeled nitrous oxide concentrations throughout the Archean Earth atmosphere (in collaboration with Renyu Hu, JPL). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/fdb6b844-469d-4828-a017-74234a06f575/1B5AB20E-1E25-49DB-B238-CD5164CC7BFA.png My Science - Trace gas cycling Methane production activity in a thermophilic culture containing the novel methanogen Methanoglobus sp. that we enriched from Great Boiling Spring in Nevada. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/631e75e38157204f1eb70aa1/1254ba19-f690-4d1e-91a6-1e8cb5e2d5e8/DD95923B-B1BB-4E7C-A695-0904A8A9E867.png My Science - Trace gas cycling The methane generated by the Methanoglobus species expands the range of C-H isotopic values known to indicate a biological origin of methane.